Jan 13, 2025
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FOOD WASTE
Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas because of its unique ability to trap heat in the atmosphere. Because of this, preventing methane emissions has been a top priority for environmental regulators and industries across the world, including the solid waste industry.
One major driver of methane production in landfills is food waste. When landfilled, food waste decomposes under anaerobic conditions, or without oxygen, which contributes to increased methane production.
Locally, food waste makes up 25% of Atlantic County's waste stream (by weight). ACUA's recent waste categorization study found it is the most prevalent material in both residential and commercial waste loads.
HOW ACUA CAPTURES METHANE
Methane makes up approximately 50% of the gases created from decomposing trash in the landfill. ACUA currently captures gases through an extensive pipeline and more than 120 collection wells. The gas is then sent to a flare that converts methane into less harmful carbon dioxide (CO2). Required monitoring ensures methane emissions at the landfill meet state and federal regulations.
ACUA’s Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) project -- the first at a landfill in NJ -- with South Jersey Gas and OPAL Fuels will build upon this system and capture even more methane gas. Once the project is operable in 2025, it will capture up to 95% of all methane emissions that would normally be handled by the flare and turn it into natural gas that can be used in area businesses and homes.
ACUA is also using data from its waste categorization study to explore other alternative waste technologies that could convert food waste, and other waste streams, into a renewable energy source. The Authority went through a request for qualification process and will be releasing a request for proposal to qualified vendors soon.
"There are many challenges, but also opportunities, for tackling food waste," said ACUA President Matthew DeNafo. "The RNG project, combined with our commitment to implementing a waste diversion technology and composting education will make a major dent in curbing methane emissions."
HOW YOU CAN HELP
Separating food waste at the source and composting at your home, school or business can greatly help reduce methane emissions. When food waste is composted, it decomposes with oxygen, or aerobically, and produces mainly carbon dioxide (CO2), a less potent greenhouse gas.
Composting can be done using an open backyard pile, in a confined bin, or with worms indoors. ACUA can provide presentations on composting basics to interested residents, schools and businesses. The Authority will also offer its annual
Master Composter course in February 2025.
We encourage interested individuals to visit our website,
acua.com/homecompost, or contact us for assistance.